雄激素性秃发患者对酮康唑洗剂和二硫化硒洗剂过敏风险分析

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中图分类号：R758.71 文献标志码：A DOI：10.11958/20250019

Abstract：ObjectiveTo analyze the incidence of contact allrgic reactions to ketoconazole shampoo and selenium sulfideshampooin patients with androgenetic alopecia （AGA）.MethodsAretrospectiveanalysis wasconducted on 683 AGA patients.Basedonmedical records，dermoscopy findings，fungal examinations and patch testresults，thenumberof patientswith seborheic dermatitis，Malassezia-positivecasesand contactalergyto ketoconazoleandseleniumsulfide shampoos were recorded.ResultsThe incidence of seborrheic dermatitis in AGA patients was 65.59 % ，and the Malasseziapositive rate was 42.02% . The allergy rate to ketoconazole shampoo in AGA patients was 34.70% ，whichwassignificantly higher than the 25.62% allergy rate to selenium sulfide shampoo （ P<0.01 ）.InAGA patientswith concomitant seborrheic dermatitisandMalasseziapositivity，theallrgyrate to ketoconazolelotion was higherthan that toseleniumsulfidelotion （ P<0.05 ）.Thepositivity rate ofMalassezia was 45.98% in seborrheic dermatitispatients，which was higher than that of the （204号 34.47% in non-seborrheic dermatitis patients （ P<0.01 ）.Conclusion In patients with AGA，ketoconazole shampoo carries ahigher allrgyriskcompared toselenium sulfide shampoo.Long-term use of antifungal shampoosshould beavoided in patientswith AGA and conduct patch tests for drug detection when necessary.

KeyWords：alopecia; dermatitis，seborrheic; disulfides; selenium; ketoconazole;dermatitis，contact

雄激素性秃发（androgenetic alopecia，AGA）是一种非瘢痕性模式性脱发，是最常见的脱发类型，特征为脱发区域毛囊渐进性微小化及减少[1]。（剩余6261字）