2014一2023年兰州地区0~14岁儿童慢性咳嗽的病因研究

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【关键词】慢性咳嗽；病因；兰州；儿童；咳嗽变异性哮喘；上气道咳嗽综合征；感染后咳嗽 【中图分类号】R256.11【文献标识码】A DOI：10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2024.0607

【Abstract】BackgroundChronic cough isacommon diseaseof pediatricconsultations，and the etiologyof chronic cough inchildren variesindiferentregions.Lanzhouislocatedinthe inland northwestofChina，withadryclimate，more dustyweather，andhigherpollenconcentrationsinthefall，butthereisalackofresearchontheetiologyofchroniccoughin children.ObjectiveToinvestigatetheetiologicalcompositionofchroniccoughandthemajoretiologicalchangesinchildrenin Lanzhoufrom2O14to2O23.MethodsWeretrospectivelyanalyzedtheclinicaldataof944childrenwithchroniccoughtreated in outpatientandinpatientclinicsofGansuProvincial MaternalandChild-careHospital（GansuProvincialCentralHospital）from2014 to 2023.Andexplored theetiologyofchroniccoughinchildrenanditsrelationship with gender，age，season，and year. ResultsThe etiological distributionof chroniccoughinchildren from2O14to2O23 was listedasfollws.Therewere 314cases （ 33.26% ）of cough variant asthma（CVA），259 cases（ 27.44% ）of upper airway cough syndrome（UACS），221 cases （ 23.41% ）of post-infectious cough（PIC），34 cases（ 3.60% ）of protracted bacterial bronchitis（PBB），9 cases（ 0.95% ） of gastroesophageal reflux cough（GERC），and other etiologies of cough in 1O7 cases（ 11.34% ）.Among 107 children with cough of other etiologies，80 children with multiple etiologies（ 8.47% of total cases）and 30.00% （24/80）of children with multipleetiologieshad UACScombinedwithPIC.Therewasnostatistical significanceintheetiologicaldistributionof chronic cough in children of different genders （ χ2 =0.894， P =0.971）.The etiological distribution of chronic cough in children of different ages and seasons was statistically significant （ χ2=361.544 ，P<0.001； χ2 =31.793， P =0.007）. Trend χ2 test showed that CVA gradually decreased with the increase of years（ x2=43.252 ， P <0.001），UACS gradually increased（ χ2 =30.431， P<0.001 ）.ConclusionCVA，UACS，and PIC were the leading causes of chronic cough in children in Lanzhou from 2014 to 2023.Among the multiple etiologies，UACScombined withPICisthefirstcause.Ageandseasonafectedthecomposition of chroniccough inchildren inthisregion.As the years changed，CVA gradualldecreasedand UACSshoweda significant increasing trend.

【Key words】Chronic cough；Etiology；Lanzhou； Child；Cough variant asthma；Upper airway cough syndrome;Post-infectious cough

慢性咳嗽是儿科就诊的常见原因之一，可涉及呼吸系统内外的多种疾病。（剩余9848字）