铜及铜合金搅拌摩擦焊接技术研究现状

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中图分类号：TG456.9

Abstract：Copper and copper allysare widely used inaerospace，rail transportation，national defenceand militaryand other key areas due to their excellent electrical and thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance. However，the high thermalconductivityand strong oxidation of copper allys make it dificult to achieve a good connection using the traditional fusion welding process，andit is very easy to produce porosity，cracks and other welding defects.Friction stir welding，as a solid connection technology，can effectively overcome these problems and obtain high-quality copper and copper alloy welded joints.The research on friction stir welding of copper and copper ally mainly focuses on process optimisation and organisational property regulation，including the optimisation of the wear and structure of welding tools，numerical simulation，the regulation of the microstructure and overal performances of joints，and the exploration of new processes，etc.，but there is still a lack of indepth and unified understanding.Therefore，the article discusss in detail the current research statusof copper and copper aloys in friction stir welding，makes a detailed organisation and explanation of the existing problems，and puts forward new insights and outlooks on the future research and development direction offriction stir

welding of copper and copper alloys.

Key words：friction stir welding；copper aloy；structural design of welding tools；numerical simulation；microstructure ;mechanical properties；electrical conductivity；thermal conductivity

0 前言

铜和铜合金在产量和应用规模方面仅次于铝合金和钢铁材料，具有良好的导热、导电性、耐机械、耐腐蚀、延展性等优点，在航空航天、轨道交通、光学电子、核电能源等领域得到广泛应用[1-2]。（剩余19559字）