梯级堰坝山区中小河流生态流量研究

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中图分类号：TV213.4 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1001-9235（2025）11-0009-09

EcologicalFlowResearchonSmallandMedium-sizedRiversinMountainousAreaswith StaggeredWeirs

HUANG Gangliang'，SHI Sha'，LI Shien²，HOU Yanru²

（1.JangxiUniversityofWaterResourcsandElectricPower，Nanchang3Oo9，China;.ujianProvincialIstituteofHdralicad Hydroelectric Engineering Research，Fuzhou 35ooo5， China）

Abstract：Smalladmicro steppedweirsaredistributedinthesmallandmedium-sizedriversofthesouthernmountaiousareas in Chinatomeettheaterextractionanduseneedsoothanks，andtheyaectthespatiotemporalwaterdemandprocesssoftheiver ecosystems.Conductingresearchontheecologicalflowprocess ofsmallandmedium-sizedriversinmountainousareas withmultiple weirsisf greatsignificancefortheprotectionofsuchcosystems.Takingthetypicalsmallandmedium-sizedriverinmountanous areas，namelyFujianJinxiRiver，asanexample，thisstudyusedtheimprovedwetedperimetermethodtoinvestigatethe characteristicsofecologicalflowinsmallandmediumsizedriverswithmultipleweirsinmountainousareas，dentifiedtheain control factors，and analyzed their impact. The results indicate that： ① The main control factors affecting the calculation of ecological flowinsmallandmedium-sizedriverswithmultipleweirs inmountainousareasusingtheimprovedwettedperimetermethodareflow characteristic values，cross-sectional shape，and the width-to-depth ratio of the cross-section. ② The multi-year average flow is recommended for the characteristic value. ③ The cross-sectional shape is suggested to be parabolic and trapezoidal with a width-todepth ratio less than 1 000. ④ The width-to-depth ratio of the river channel cross-section is negatively correlated with the ecological flowoftheriver，andthereisaresholdtodistinguishwhethertherivercrossectioncanmettheminimumrequirementsof ecological flow，whichisnegatively correlated with the multi-year average flow. ⑤ The decrease in ecological water demand of rivers iscausedbyfactorssuchaschangesinriverwatervolumeandriverbedevolutionduetoweirconstruction，whichleadtoincreased riverevaporationand calculation result deviations.

Keywords：ecologicalflow;improvedwettedperimetermethod；width-to-depthratio；weirsmallandmedium-sizedriverin mountainousarea

为满足农田灌溉、农村饮水、小水电开发及景观需求，自20世纪六七十年代至今，小型梯级堰坝遍布于南方山区中小河流[]。（剩余9499字）