甲醛降解细菌筛选及其降解效果

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中图分类号：S718.81 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1004-390X（2025）05-0060-06

Screening of Formaldehyde-degrading Bacteria and Their Degradation Effects

DONG Xun1²，YUAN Zongsheng1，WANG Sifan³，LIU Fang² （1. College of Geography and Oceanology，Minjiang University，Fuzhou 350108， China; 2.College ofLife Sciences，FujianAgricultureand Forestry University，Fuzhou35ooo2，China; 3. College ofFuture Technology，Fujian Agriculture andForestry University，Fuzhou 35ooo2，China）

Abstract： [Purpose] To screen bacterial strains that can efficiently degrade formaldehyde， providing support for biological remediation of formaldehyde pollution. [Methods] Through primary and secondary screening of endophytic bacteria isolated from mangrove plants， strains with high efficiency of formaldehyde degradation were selected preferentially，and their physiological and biochemical indices were determined，and 16S rDNA was identified.The application potential was evaluated by measuring their formaldehyde degradation ability. [Results] A total of three strains of endophytic bacteria with high efficiency of formaldehyde degradation were screened out： Bacillus haynesii （BQB-A17）， Enterobacter ludwigii （ZTB-A30）， and Brucella intermedia （BQB-B02）. All three bacterial strains were Gram-positive， and the catalase test was negative; Voges-Proskauer （V-P） test， glucose gas production， starch hydrolysis，and indole tests of them were negative; only strain ZTB-A3O showed positive results in methyl red test and glucose acid production test; and the citrate utilization， nitrate reduction， malonate utilization， and H2S production tests were all positive. In laboratory shake-flask experiments，all three strains exhibited formaldehyde degradation rates exceeding 80% . In the accident pool storage tank of the biochemical plant sewage treatment station，the formaldehyde degradation rates of strains BQB-A17， ZTB-A30， and BQB-B02 reached 86.35% ， 83.76% ， and 83.42% at six hours， respectively， and further increased to 92.68% ， 90.98% ，and 90.11% at 12 hours，respectively. [Conclusion] In this study， three strains of endophytic bacteria with formaldehyde degradation ability were screened out， which broaden the selection range of formaldehyde-degrading bacteria and enrich the types of formaldehyde-degrading bacteria， providing a theoretical basis and technical support for microbial degradation of formaldehyde.

Keywords： formaldehyde-degrading bacteria; screening; degradation effect

甲醛是一种重要的有机溶剂，被广泛应用于建筑、化学品、油漆等材料中[1-2]，这些材料在加工生产过程中会产生含有高浓度甲醛的工业废水[3]。（剩余10385字）