青年冠状动脉疾病的早期筛查和预防专家共识

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【关键词】 冠状动脉疾病；冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病；青壮年；早期筛查；风险评估；预防和管理【中图分类号】 R 541.4 【文献标识码】 ADOI：10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2025.0221

【Abstract】Coronary artery disease （CAD）in young adults （aged<45 years old） encompasses a range of conditions affectingtheorinoisssaiosi physicalorchemicalinjury，development，andabnormaldrainage.Among these，coronaryheartdisease （CHD）resulting from coronaryatherosclerosisisthemostprevalent.Thisconsensusaddresses thecurentlandscapeofCADinyoungadults，focusing ontheepidemiology，risk factors，diagnosis，screeningmethods，andpreventivestrategiesforyoung-onsetcoronaryCHD.It particularlyemphasizesteiticalimportaneofarlysreingRoutinetests-cudinglipidprofiles，odglucoseevels，nd renalfunctionassessmentarerecommendedforspecifichigh-riskpopulations （e.g，individualswithfmilyhistoryofpremature CHD，metabolicsydrome，chonicimmunemediatedinflammatorydiseases，orimpairedrenalfunction）.Geneticesting （e.g，forfamilialhypercholesterolemia-relatedgenes）shouldalsobeincorporatedforriskassessment.Preventionstrategiescenter on lifestyle interventions， such as adopting a low - salt，low-fat diet; engaging in regular physical activity; smoking cessation; limiting alcohol intake; maintaining good sleephygiene;and minimizing exposure toairpollution.Additionall，guidelinedirectedmanagementofdyslipidemia，hyperglycemia，hypehomocystenemia，andhypertesionisecommended.Fortients with comorbiditiessuchaschronic kidneydisease （CKD）orchronicimmune-mediated inflammatorydiseases，multidimensional biomarker monitoringandtargetedinterventionsareessntial.Theconsensus highlights thatcurrentevidenceonyoungonset CHDremains limited.Future research should strengthen the evidence regardingrisk stratification，optimal screening frequency， andefctivetreatmenttrategies.Throughmultidisciplinarycollaborationandenhancedpublicducation，thegoalistoduethe incidence and disease burden of CHD in this young population.

【Key Words】Coronary artery disease; Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease; Young adults; Early screening; Risk assessment;Prevention and management

在疾病负担研究报告中，WHO将青年定义为15～44岁「1-3]。（剩余19862字）