茶树特异种质资源高EGCG3"Me性状形成的分子机制解析

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中图分类号：S571.1；S324 文献标识码：A文章编号：1000-369X（2025）06-0909-11

Abstract： Methylated catechins exhibit significant physiological activities，such asanti-alergy effects，and demonstrate stronger stability and higher oral absorption rate than unmethylated catechins.However，tea germplasms rich in methylated catechins are relatively rare. This study measured the EGCG3"Me content in 447 tea germplasms from different regions with extensive genetic backgrounds，and two unique tea germplasms with high EGCG3"Me content，namely‘Jinxiu 2-2， （JX） and Pinming Tea’ （PM）， were found. The tea germplasms JX， PM，and‘Hongfugui’ （BFK） with high EGCG3"Me content，as well as‘Shuchazao’（SCZ） with EGCG3"Me content below the detection limit，were used as research materials. Relative expression levels of flavonol and anthocyanin o -methyltransferase （CsFAOMT1） in JX，PM，and BFK were significantly higher than that in SCZ.Further analysis reveals that four types of CsFAOMTl alleles were cloned from the four tea germplasms，and allof them contain CsFAOMT1.3.Enzyme activity analysis at the protein level reveals that the CsFAOMT1 protein activities in the three tea germplasms with highEGCG3"Me content allexhibit highactivity with minimal differences between them.Theseresults indicate that JX and PM can enrich EGCG3"Me due to their high expression levels of CsFAOMT1. This study identified tea germplasm with high EGCG3"Me content and elucidated the molecular mechanisms underlying itsunique traits， providing important materials and theoretical basis for breeding new tea cultivars with high methylated catechin content.

Keywords：tea plant，methylated catechins， o -methyltransferase，allele

茶树[Camelliasinensis（L.）O.Kuntze]是世界上重要的叶用饮料作物之一[1]。（剩余14067字）