刺五加10个居群叶片表型性状多样性分析

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关键词：刺五加；居群；遗传变异；表型性状多样性；聚类分析；相关性分析中图分类号：S718.3；S718.43 文献标识码：A DOI：10.7525/j.issn.1006-8023.2025.06.012

Analysis of Leaf Phenotypic Trait Diversity Among1o Populations of Acanthopanax senticosus

REN Lingyun，WANG Xinying，XU Yuan，GUO Yifan，LI Jun，WANG Anqi，LI Qing，WANG Hongzheng （CollgeofChemistry，hemicalEngineringandResource Utilzation，NortheastForestryUiversityHarbino，China）

Abstract：Acanthopanax senticosusisavaluablemedicinalandedibleplant，withsignificantpotentialforleaf utilization.Tocomprehensivelyinvestigate thephenotypic diversityofA.senticosus in Heilongjiang Province，281natural individuals fromthe1O provenances were transplanted intoacommon nurserygarden underuniformcultivation.Two relative phenotypic traitsandnine phenotypic traits were measuredandcalculated，followedbyvariation，variance，correlation， and cluster analyses.Key findings include：（1） Significant differences（ P<0.01 ）were observed in 11 leaf phenotypic traitsbothamongand within populations，with inter-populationvariationexceeding intra-population variation.Traits such as petiole hair density（PH），prickles on petiole（PP），prickle on petiole length（PPL），leaf vein hair density （LVH），prickle veindensity（PV），and prickleonleaf veinlength（PVL）exhibitedextremely highcoefficientsof ariation（CV），indicating substantial variability.（2）The average diversity index of A . senticosus reached 1.615，with four phenotypictraitsexceeding1.9.Eight traitsshowed repeatabilityaboveO.7，reflecting rich leaf phenotypic diversity and relatively stable genetic inheritance of A . senticosus.（3） Leaf phenotypic traits were strongly correlated，among whichthe prickle-related characteristics of petioles and veins were interelatedand vary together.Leaf phenotypic traits alsocorrelatedwith geographicand climatic factors，with longitude identifiedas the primary environmentaldriver.（4）

Clusteranalysis clasifiedthe1Oprovenances into three distinct groups with varying proportions，highlighting populationspecific divergence.This study establishes a foundation for elucidatingthe genetic mechanismsof leaf traits，informs conservationstrategies，germplasmcolection，and breeding programsforA.senticosus，and provides atheoreticalframework for developing reliable phenotypic identification methods.

Keywords：Acanthopanax senticosus；population；genetic variation；phenotypic diversity；cluster analysis；correlation analysis

0 引言

遗传多样性是物种内个体遗传变异的综合体现[1]，既可以反映物种内基因的丰富程度，也能体现物种应对环境变化的潜力[2]。（剩余16920字）