地磁感应电流畸变对电网变压器的干扰传播研究

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DOI：10. 15938/j. emc.2025.05.009

中图分类号：TM41 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1007-449X（2025）05-0085-14

Research on interference propagation of geomagnetic induced current distortion on power grid transformers

PAN Chao¹， AN Jingge¹， SHI Xiaobo'， YU Ze¹，FU Tongrui¹，LIU Chunming² （1.KeyLaboratoryof ModernPower System Simulationand Control&RenewableEnergy Technology，MinistryofEducation， NortheastElectric Power University，Jilin132O12，China；2.Scholof Electrical&Electronic Engineering，North China Electric Power University，Beijing 102206， China）

Abstract：Aiming at the abnormal problem of power grid transformer caused by geomagnetic induced current（GIC），the influence of GIC distortion on electromagnetic interference and mechanical-acoustic propagation of transformer was studied. Firstly，the critical path and principle of GIC invading power grid were analyzed，and the change law of GIC was studied according to the measured data. A transformer interference propagation model considering GIC distortion was proposed，and the electromagnetic-mechanical-acoustic path was divided into the coupling of electromagnetic interference domain and vibration-noise propagation domain. Then，the multi-field characteristic information of the transformer under diferent interference scenarios was simulatedand analyzed，and the influence of current distortion rate and distortion time on transformer current，magnetic flux，vibration and noise was summarized. Finally，a dynamic simulation experiment platform was built to measure the multi-field parameters of the transformer，and was compared with the simulation to verify the correctness of the proposed model and conclusion. The results show that the abnormal vibration and noise of the transformer are aggravated atthe“inflection point”of GIC distortion.The closer the“inflection point”is to the maximum currnt，the more serious the potential damage to the electrical components will be. The mapping relationship between GIC distortion rate Δk and vibration noise parameters was studied. When Δk>3 ，GIC interference has endangered the structural stability of transformer，which provides a basis for situation awareness and identification of power grid transformer.

Keywords： geomagnetic induced current； distortion；multi field coupling； vibration noise； virtual map-ping；situation awareness

0引言

在强烈的太阳风暴或地球磁场活动期间，星体磁层和电离层中的电流会经历较大变化，地磁感应电流（geomagneticallyinduced current，GIC）及电磁场对地表电网的影响具有持续时间长，干扰设备多，传播范围广等特点[1-2]。（剩余15506字）