新生儿出生缺陷相关因素分析及预防措施

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【摘要】目的：分析新生儿出生缺陷相关因素，并对预防措施进行探讨。方法：选取2020年1月—2022年12月期间在全区出生的发生出生缺陷的628例患儿作为观察组，同时选取同期出生的628例健康新生儿作为对照组。收集两组的基本资料，分析出生缺陷的影响因素。结果：观察组产妇年龄>35岁、孕期患病、孕期服用药物及异常生育史比例高于对照组，孕前保健、孕早期服用叶酸及规律服用叶酸比例低于对照组（P35岁、未接受孕前保健、孕早期未服用叶酸、叶酸应用不规律、孕期患病、孕期服用药物及有异常生育史是发生出生缺陷的危险因素（P

【关键词】新生儿；出生缺陷；影响因素；预防

Analysis of factors related to birth defects in newborns and exploration of preventive measures

LIU Yaqian

Zhangdian District Maternal and Child Health Hospital， Zibo City， Shandong， Zibo， Shandong 255000， China

【Abstract】Objective：To analyze the factors related to birth defects in newborns and explore preventive measures.Methods：628 children with birth defects born in the entire region between January 2020 and December 2022 were selected as the observation group，while 628 healthy newborns born in the same period were selected as the control group.Collecting baseline data from two groups and analyzing the influencing factors of birth defects.Results：The proportion of parturients aged over 35 years old，with pregnancy related illnesses，medication use during pregnancy，and abnormal fertility history in the observation group was higher than that in the control group，while the proportion of pre pregnancy health care，early pregnancy folic acid use，and regular folic acid use was lower than that in the control group （P35 years old，failure to receive pre pregnancy care，failure to take folic acid in early pregnancy，irregular use of folic acid，pregnancy related illnesses，medication use during pregnancy，and a history of abnormal fertility were risk factors for birth defects （P

【Key Words】Newborns； Birth defects； Influencing factors； Prevention

出生缺陷（birth defect）包括先天性畸形、智力障碍以及遗传代谢疾病等，主要是由于胚胎发育紊乱，导致胎儿机体结构、功能、精神、行为、代谢、遗传等方面出现异常[1]。（剩余3760字）