某商用车钢板弹簧失效分析与结构优化

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中图分类号：TP391.99；U463.334.1 文献标志码：B

Failure analysis and structural optimization of a commercial vehicle leaf spring

YANG Ming1，WANG Yaping， XIAO Yong，LIU Yang ，WANG Shenghuai ， ZHANG Di

（1.Dongfeng Vasol Automobile Co.，Ltd.，Shiyan 442OOo，Hubei，China； 2.Hubei University of Automotive Technology，Shiyan 442OO2，Hubei，China）

Abstract： To solve the issue of steel leaf spring fracture in a commercial vehicle，the spring failure is analyzed from various aspects，such as leaf spring material， forming process，and structural design strength，and a nonlinear simulation model for leaf springs is built considering the load characteristics of different working conditions.According to the loading standard of the entire vehicle impact condition，the stress of the leaf spring under each condition is extracted. A detailed model of the leaf spring assembly is built，and the reliability of plate springs and bridge shell bottom plates is computed using the extracted leaf spring stress as the load，so the weak parts and the cause of fracture is determined. Taking the thickness of the main spring as the design variable，the structural stressof the leaf spring as the constraint condition，and the minimum total mass as the constraint objective，the size optimization of the leaf spring is carried out to find the minimum thickness of the spring that meets the stress requirements. The optimized main and auxiliary springs are subjected to fatigue durability tests，and the accuracy of the simulation results is verified.

Key words： fracture failure； load extraction； leaf spring； reliability； non linearity

0引言

商用车整车设计质量逐步提升，整车结构的安全性、舒适性、可靠性等设计要求更高，钢板弹簧（板簧）能够实现在颠簸工况下轮胎激励源振动衰减，确保整车的振动舒适性，其性能的好坏直接影响整车的品质定位。（剩余6780字）