集体化时代徽州山区劳动力投入的性别差异

——以歙县民主四队文书为中心的考察（1963—1977）

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中图分类号：K273 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1001-2435（2025）05-0080-10

LaborInput inHuizhou Mountain Village during theCollectivizationEra-ACaseStudy Basedon theArchivesof the Fourth Democratic Production Team in She County （1963-1977）

MALu（SchoolofLaw，AnhuiNormalUniversity，WuhuAnhui241oO2，China）

Keywords：collectivization;gender differences;work points;Fourth Democratic Production Team

Abstract：Based onthearchivaldocuments of theFourth Democratic Production Team in She County between1963 and1977，this paper studies thegender diferences inthelabor inputof this production team.Thefindings reveal that malemembersoftheproductionteam weremainly engagedinagriculture，teaindustryand subsidiary business，，while female members primarily worked in agriculture and tea industry，with significantly lower engagement in sideline ac一 tivities.Although malemembers'sidelinework reduced theagriculturallabor input，itaddedanewsourceof income forthe production team and their households.seizing theopportunity presented bythe male members'absenceof out toworkandtheadvantageof their gendersdexterityintea-leaves'pickingandselecting，female members putmore labor intoagriculture and tea industry，andas theresult their per capita work points exceeded those of their male counterparts.This notonly exemplifies theslogan "womenholduphalf thesky，"butalsoreflects theeffectivenessof theFourth Democratic Production Team's explorationand practiceof reducing the densityof labor inagriculture. This labor combination mode enhancedtheeficiencyof colective laborand increased collective income，but italso strengthened the gender-based division of labor inthe sideline production.

集体化时代生产队男、女社员集体劳动，因而集体劳动效率问题颇受学界关注，研究成果较为丰硕。（剩余10651字）