“智的直觉”：道德何以能够为形而上学奠基？

图分类号：B261 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1001-2435（2025）05-0039-10

"Intellectual Intuition"：How Can Morality Lay the Foundation for Metaphysics？

DUAN Chongyang（Department of Philosophy，Sun Yat-sen University，Zhuhai Guangdong 519o82，China）

：ywords：Mou Zongsan;metaphysics;intellectual intuition;transcendental object

Abstract：InMouZongsan’sview，attachedontologyisaninquiryintothepossibilityofunderstandingofbeingand manifestsitself asananalysisof how thecategoriesofunderstanding are grounded in the existenceof objects，whereas detachedontology isaninquiry intotheposibilityofbeing（existence）ofallthings and manifestsitself asananalsisof the moral reason and intellectual intuition.Mou Zongsan misunderstands Kant's "transcendental object = X" as "universalphase"，thereby denying the possibilitythattheunderstandingcancreate itsownobject throughtranscendental apperception.As aresult，heregards therealizationof moral law byreason and the creationofactionas genuine acts of creativity.Furthermore，hetakesthetruerepresentationofmorallawinemotionastheposibleproofofintellectual intuitionarguingthatintelectualintuitionisthecreationprncipleofontology，thatis，reationasthethigitself. Thisprinciplesimultaneouslyservesas theultimate groundforthecreationofallthings，whichconstitutes thefoundationalactivityof metaphysics.The metaphysicsof moralityaims toaddressthequestionof thegroundof existence， while"morality"indicates how this ground is revealed.In doing so，itavoids speculative constructionandrenders metaphysics a path through which the human being，in its finitude，ascends toward the infinite.

一、引言：形而上学作为对创造之根据的追问

自从牟宗三提出“智的直觉”以来，这一问题引发了很多争议，主要集中于三个方面：其一，牟宗三对“智的直觉”的理解是否符合康德哲学以及西方哲学；其二，将“智的直觉”把握为中国哲学的特质是否合适；其三，如何理解“智的直觉”以及其在牟宗三哲学建构中的地位。（剩余13022字）