薄壳山核桃低产果园丰产改良关键技术集成

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中图分类号 S436.64 文献标识码A 文章编号 1007-7731（2025）15-0021-04

DOI号 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.15.006

Integration of key technologies for high yield improvementand quality enhancement inlowyieldorchardsofCaryaillinoinensis

WANG Kairong

（Agriculture and Rural Comprehensive Service Center of Shizi Town Government， Quanjiao County， Quanjiao 239000， China）

AbstractIn this paper，the cultivation and production practice of Carya ilinoinensi with whole pepper in Anhui were combined，theorchard improvement and high yield techniques from aspects such as variety selection，planting densityandspatialconfiguration，soil management，and watermanagement weresummarized.Scientificallassess the performanceof diffrent varieties under actual growth conditions，collectandsortout detailed informationondifrent varieties of this tre species; based onsoil conditions，the planting densityshould be reasonably determined.A planting density of 8 to 10 plants per 667m2 is appropriate. Deep ploughing for improvement and hoeing for weeding are carried out to keepthe soil lose.Build irigationand drainage facilities，optimize the water supply and drainage systemof the orchard，and irigationcanbecarriedoutsimultaneouslywithfertilization，which isconducivetoimproving fertilizer eficiency.Balanced application of organicand chemical fertilizers promotes the growth and fruiting offruit trees.By configuring pollination trees and adopting polination methods such as manual spraying or drone spraying，the polination effciencycan be effectively improved.Itcan be intercropped with short-stemmed crops such as beans and Amorphophallus konjac.Scions shouldbe selected from 1to 2-year-old superior variety branches that are healthy and freefromdiseases and pests.Bud grafting should be cariedout inspring whenthe sapisflowing，andthesurvival rate is relatively high.The pruning period is preferably from winter to early spring.Reasonablepruning is conducive to improving theventilationandlightconditions of fruit trees.Practice hasshown thatthese technologiescan ffectively increase the yield andqualityof orchards，providing areferencefor promoting the sustainable developmentof the Carya illinoinensis industry.

KeywordsCarya illinoinensis；low yield orchards;orchard improvement and yield enhancement；pollination management

薄壳山核桃（Caryaillinoinensis）是胡桃科山核桃属的一种高大乔木，其抗低温能力强，不耐干旱，较耐水湿，喜光、喜湿润温热气候，适宜生长温度在15～25∘C ，偏好土层深厚、排水佳的微酸性、中性土壤。（剩余4826字）