植物花粉保存技术研究进展

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Abstract：Pollen，serving as the essential carrier of plant male reproductive cells，encapsulates a complete set of haploid nuclear genomic information specific to a given plant species.The long-term preservation of polen holds immense significance for botanical research，crop breeding，agricultural production，and the conservation of plant genetic diversity.In the fieldof botany，well-preserved pollen is an important material to reveal the mechanism of plant reproductive biology，geneticsand evolution. In crop breeding，it can efectively solve the problems of parents'flowering periodand of-site hybridization，broaden the selection range ofbreeding parents， and accelerate the breeding process of excellent varieties.From the perspective of agricultural production，it is helpful to ensure the quality and yield stability of crop polination.As far as the protection of plant genetic diversity is concerned，itcan preserve the genetic resources of rare and endangered plants and avoid the loss of genetic diversitydue to natural factors or human disturbance.This article comprehensively reviews the factors ffecting polen viability and the methods for its detection.It also summarizes the research advancements in pollen preservation techniques，such as drying，low-temperature，ultra-low temperature，and organic solvent storage methods.Theauthors further analyze the applications of polln preservation in plant breeding and genetic resourceconservation and deliberate on the prospects of future research.The aim is to ofer a reference for promoting innovation in pollen preservation technologies.

Key words： pollen; vitality ; preservation techniques; genetic resource

花粉作为植物遗传资源的关键载体，蕴含了物种单倍体基因组的完整信息1，在现代育种工作中具有不可替代的作用。（剩余26856字）