植棉密度对新疆南疆棉花株型及产量的影响

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Abstract：Objective]Thisresearchaimedtoinvestigatetheeffectsofdierent plantingdensitiesontheplantarchitectureand yieldofcotoninsouthemXinjiang，thentoprovideatheoreticalbasisforoptimizingcultivationtechiques．[Methods]From 2023 to2024，fieldexperiments werecarriedoutinYuliCounty，Xinjang，withfivekindsofcotonplantingdensitiesdesigned： 280000plants （D1），220 000 plants （D2），180 000 plants ⋅hm-2 （D3），130 000 plants·hm−² （D4），and 90 000 plants·hm-2 （D5）.Thecylinder-typevariety，Xinluzhong79（T1），andthetower-type variety，Xinshi518（T2）weretakenasrearch objects.Theefectsofdiferentplantingdensitiesonplantheight，internodelengthoffruitingbranches，insertionangleand azimuthangleoffruiting branchesandleaves，leafareaindex （LAI），andyieldtraitsofcotonwereanalyzed.[Results]The plantheightoftheT1varietywas thehighestunderD3orD4treatment，andtheplantheightoftheT2varietywasthe highest underD4treatment.Withthedecreaseofcottnplantingdensity，theaverageinternodelengthoffruitingbranchesoftheTland T2varietiesgraduallyincreased，andtheinsetionangleoffruitingbanchesinthelower，middle，andupperpartsicrasdasa whole.UnderD4orD5treatment，theleafinsertionangleinthelower，midle，andupperpartsofthetwovarieties was the largest.Underdiferentcotonplantingdensities，there werenosignificant diferences intheleafinsertionangleinthelower， middle，andupperpartsoftheTvariety;there werenosgnificantdifferencesinthefruitingbranchazimuthangleinthelower partandleafazimuthanglein the midleandupperpartsoftheT1andT2varieties.TheLAIoftheTlandT2varieties was the largestunderD4andD3treatments，respectively.Withtheincreaseofcottonplanting densitythenumberofbolsperplant decreased.T1andT2 varietiesshowed thehighestseedcotonyieldsunder D3andD1treatments，respectively.[Conclusion] Diferentplanting densitiesafecttheplantarchitectureandyieldofcylinder-andtower-typecoton varieties.Thesuitable planting densities for Xinluzhong 79 and Xinshi 518 in southern Xinjiang are18o Ooo plants ⋅hm-2 and 280000 plants ⋅hm-2 respectively.

Keywords： coton; plant architecture; planting density;yield;tower-type; cylinder-type; southern Xinjiang

作为全球纺织工业的核心经济作物，棉花的产量和纤维品质直接关系到农业经济效益及其国际竞争力。（剩余20142字）