不同种植密度和品种对棉花生育期及干物质积累与分配的影响

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Abstract：[Objective]Thisstudyaims toinvestigatethesuitableplantingdensityof diferentcottonvarieties insouthem Xinjiangand toprovideatheoreticalbasisfortheconstructionofhigh-yieldcultivationmodel.[Methods]Theexperiment was conducted in Yuli County from 2023 to 2024，with five planting density levels： 9.0 plants‘ ⋅m-2 （D1），13.5 plants ⋅m-2 （D2），18.0 plants ⋅m-2（D3） ，22.5plants ⋅m-2（D4） ，27.0plants ⋅m-2（D5） ，and three cotton varieties：Xinluzhong79 （C1）， Xinluzao 73（C2）， andXinshi518（C3）.Theoptimal plantingdensitywas determined bymeasuring thecotonreproductive period，drymatter accumulationanddistribution，andseedcottonyield.[Results]Thegrowthperiodofcottonwasprolongedasthedensity increased.Withtheincreaseofplantingdensitythemaximumdrymatteraccumulationandmaximumgrowthrateofvegetative organs，reproductiveorgans，andabovegroundpartsofC1andC2showedtrendsof increasingandthendecreasing，peakingat D3.The average highest seed cotton yields were（ 5 458.66kg⋅hm-2 at D3 for C1，and 6083.64kg⋅hm-2 at D3 for C2， respectively.ForC3，themaximumdrymateraccumulationandmaximumgrowthrateof vegetativeorgans，reproductive organs，andabovegroundpartscontinued torisewiththeincreaseinplantingdensity，andthehighestseedcotonyieldof （20号 5875.30kg⋅hm-2 was reached at D5.The planting density does not show a clear pattern in itseffect on the timeat which diferentorgans reach their maximum dry materaccumulationandthe time at whichtheyachieve their maximum growth rate. [Conclusion] For Xinluzhong 79 and Xinluzao 73 varieties，a planting densityof18 plants·m-2 is suitable，while for Xinshi518 variety，ahigh-density cultivationpattern of27 plants ⋅m-2 is recommended.

Keywords： coton; planting density; varieties; dry matter accumulationand distribution; seed cotton yield

新疆是全球主要的棉花生产区之一，2024年其棉花总产量达568.6万t，占全球棉花总产量的五分之一I。（剩余22966字）