焚烧飞灰与无机材料配伍熔融玻璃化中的协同作用

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中图分类号：X77 文献标志码：A

Abstract： To address the issues of high melting temperature，high energy consumption，and poor vitrification performance in the melting treatment of hazardous waste incineration fly ash，an optimization method for the vitrification process and product control based on synergistic formulation with inorganic additives is proposed. The addition amounts of three low-cost raw materials—waste glass，silica sand， and biomass ash-were designed. Using melting point analysis， FactSage thermodynamic equilibrium calculations，and high-temperature melting experiments， the melting characteristics，liquid phase evolution，and amorphization behavior of the CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-Na2O （20 quaternary system under different basicity （1.O—1.5） and CaO mass fraction （ 25% 1 35% ）

conditions were investigated. X-ray difraction and density measurements were employed to evaluate the characteristics of the molten products. The results show that adding 50% mass fraction of silica sand to fly ash reduces the initial melting temperature of the product to 1 190°C ，which is more than 110∘C lower than without addition. The amorphous phase proportion reaches 95% ，density increases by 10%-20% ，and mass loss rate decreases from 62% to 38% . The optimized formulation system forms a dense glass network structure that effectively immobilizes heavy metals；the leaching mass concentrations of heavy metals such as Pb ， Zn ，and Cd in the products are far below the limits specified in Identification Standards for Hazardous Wastes-Identification for Extraction Toxicity （GB 5085.3—2007）. The addition of 50% mass fraction silica sand is recommended，as this formula significantly reduces melting temperature and energy consumption while achieving heavy metal stabilization and eficient resource utilization. The study provides a technical reference for safe detoxification and low-carbon utilization of incineration fly ash.

Keywords： hazardous waste incineration fly ash， co-melting， waste glass， biomass ash， silica sand，vitrification

危险废物焚烧过程中产生的飞灰（FA）富集多种重金属、二噁英等有毒有害成分，被列为危险废物[1]。（剩余13614字）