金属阳离子去除促进污泥厌氧发酵研究进展

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中图分类号：X703 文献标志码：A

Abstract： Under the strategic guidance of the “carbon peak and carbon neutrality” goals， anaerobic fermentation，as a mainstream technology for excess sludge treatment， still faces bottlenecks such as low hydrolysis efficiency，incomplete metabolism，and poor microbial community coordination. Metal cations are important structural components of sludge，and their efficient removal is expected to be a key approach to overcoming these bottlenecks and enhancing acid production. First，from the perspective of sludge resource utilization，the current status of anaerobic fermentation processes and short-chain fatty acid（SCFA） recovery is reviewed， pointing out that existing solutions mostly rely on high doses of chemicals or energy inputs to overcome single limitations，and lack systematic enhancement strategies. Second， technical bottlenecks in anaerobic fermentation for acid production are systematically summarized from three aspects： sludge structural rigidity，insufficient metabolic activity，and SCFA consumption， indicating that metal cation removal can simultaneously overcome multiple limitations. Then，the inhibitory mechanisms of metal cations on fermentation efficiency are analyzed in detail，clarifying the occurrence states of metal cations with different valences， their role in maintaining the structural stability of extracellular polymeric substances （EPS），hindering the release of electron shutles， and mediating biotransformation pathways. Subsequently， research progress on the triple regulatory mechanisms for efficiency enhancement driven by metal cation removal is reviewed， highlighting that selective adsorption by cation exchange resins （CER） and chelation by sodium pyrophosphate （SP） can significantly improve system acid production efficiency，while the engineering application potential and economic feasibility of the technology are evaluated. Finally，current limitations in metal cation removal—such as low removal efficiency，chelating agent residues，and trace element deficiencies-are summarized，and corresponding solutions are discussed. This study provides a theoretical reference for enhancing anaerobic sludge fermentation and promoting the engineering application of SCFA recovery.

Keywords： excess sludge； anaerobic fermentation; short-chain fatty acids; cation removal； the“dual carbon” goal

近年来，随着我国污水处理设施在政策法规与治理需求驱动下的迅速扩建，剩余污泥的产量也随之持续攀升。（剩余20258字）