基于非局域性正交乘积态的量子密钥协商协议

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中图分类号：0413 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1001-3695（2025）12-031-3769-09

doi：10.19734/j.issn.1001-3695.2025.04.0140

Quantum key agreement protocol based on non-local orthogonal product states

He Yefeng，Gao Yuan†，Du Xiaoyu （SchoolofCyberspaceSecurity，Xi'anUniversityofPosts&Telecommunications，Xi'an71o121，China）

Abstract：Existing mutual authenticationquantumkeynegotiationprotocolscommonlyuseentangledstatestoenhancethe protocol’ssecurityandeficiencyutpreparingthesestatesisdiicult，andpracticalimplementationemainschallnging.To addressthis，this paper proposedanewquantum key negotiationprotocol thatachieved mutual identityauthenticationbetween twoparties.Theprotocolenabled identityauthenticationandkeyagreementbyencoding identityandprivatekeyinformation intoorthogonalproduct states viaunitaryoperations，and decoding thembasedonthepubliclyannounced initial statesand measurementbases.Compared with entangled states，orthogonalproductstateswereeasiertoprepare，andtheirnonlocality ensuredthateavesdropperscouldnotobtainsecretinformationbymeasuringparticles transmited in theprotocol.Security analysisshows that theprotocolefectivelyresistsparticipanttacksandexteralatacks，suchastargeting identityauthenticationimpersonationaacks，Tojanhorseaacks，intercept-resendaacks，measure-resendatcks，ndetangle-asureat tacks，thereby enhancing the protocol’s security and application value.

Key words：quantum cryptography；quantum keyagreement；mutual identityauthentication；non-local orthogonal product states

0 引言

随着信息技术的快速发展，数据安全和隐私保护已成为现代通信中的核心议题。（剩余22455字）