小麦抗旱品种长6990的EMS突变体库构建及重要性状材料筛选

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Abstract：To accelerate the creation of high-quality germplasm resources for drought-resistant wheat and enrich genetic diversity，this study constructed a mutant library of wheat Chang 699O using EMS （Ethyl methanesulfonate）mutation technology and systematically screened its phenotypic traits and high molecular weight glutenin subunits （HMW-GS）.A field phenotypic analysis of 20331 individual plants from the M2 population identified 3244 mutant plants，covering fields phenotypic traits of stem，leaf，awn，spike type， fertility，and growth period，with a total mutation rate of 15.96% .Additionally，a grain phenotypic analysis of 2064 harvested mutant materials revealed 25 grain mutants，accounting for 1.21% of the mutant materials，with mutation types including grain length，grain color，and fullness. Through SDS-PAGE identification of 2064 mutant materials，a total of 23 HMW-GS deletion mutants were screened，which showed the deletion of Bx7 ， By9，Dx5 and Dy10 in Glu-B1 and Glu-D1 loci.In this study，EMS mutagenesis technology was used to create abundant phenotypic mutants and HMW-GS mutant materials，which effectively eliminated the potential interferenceof genetic background differences on wheat qualitytraits，provided valuable geneticresources for dryland wheat quality breeding，and provided important basic data for in-depth understanding of the relationship betweenwheat quality traits and genetic variation.

Key words： EMS mutagenesis; mutant library; phenotypic traits; high molecular weight glutenin subunit （HMW-GS） ;drought resistance breeding

小麦是全世界最重要的口粮作物之一，为超过三分之一人口提供主要的碳水化合物和蛋白质来源，在粮食安全和社会稳定中具有不可替代的地位1。（剩余19050字）