预处理及干燥方式影响罗汉果品质及活性成分的研究进展

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中图分类号：S375 文献标志码：A

Abstract： Siraitia grosvenorii is a medicine and food homologous resource rich in triterpenoid saponins，flavonoids，polysaccharides and other active ingredients.It has the effects of cough relievingand phlegm resolving，antibacteria，antioxidant，liver protection，blood sugar reduction and so on.However，fresh Siraitia grosvenori fruit has high moisture content and is easy to deteriorate，so drying and supporting pretreatment processes are essential to extend its shelf life and retain the active ingredients.This research systematically reviewed the main active components such as triterpenoid saponins，flavonoids，and polysaccharides，along with their eficacy，and summarized the effects of pretreatment of post-ripening and drilling，as wel as drying methods including hot air， microwave，and vacuum low-temperature drying on the quality and active ingredients of Siraitia grosvenori. Studies indicated that during pretreatment， post-ripening could promote evaporation of moisture and accumulation of saponins in Siraitia grosvenorii，enhancing drying rate and quality. After drying，post-ripened fruits had higher total saponins and vitamin C content.Drilling treatment could accelerate moisture dissipation and reduce the risk of decay. There are significant diferences in the effects of drying methods.Microwave drying had high efficiency，could retain active ingredients，but may cause partial charred. Hot air drying has low cost but poor quality. Vacuum low-temperature drying could maintain saponin content and sensory quality. Vacuum freeze-drying could effectively retain the active ingredients and appearance，but it is time-consuming and costly. Microwave-vacuum combined drying has high efciency and could bettr retain the active ingredients and maintain the quality. This research aimed to provide theoretical support for standardized and highvalue processing of Siraitia grosvenori. In the future，the synergistic effects of pretreatment and drying methods on the active ingredients and functions of Siraitia grosvenorii could be further explored to promote the sustainable development of Siraitia grosvenorii industry.

Keywords： Siraitia grosvenorii; pretreatment; drying method; quality; active ingredient

0 引言

罗汉果（Siraitiagrosvenorii）为葫芦科罗汉果属草本植物，富含黄酮类、三萜类、多糖、维生素等活性成分（高宇思和孙桂菊，2023），具有抗氧化、抗炎、抗菌、抗肿瘤、代谢调节、降血脂、神经保护以及胃肠道功能调节等功能，因此被誉为“东方神果”（唐昀彤等，2021）。（剩余18745字）