空间碎片多次观测的多卫星调度方法

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1图分类号：V11 文献标志码：A DOI: 10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2025.11.17

Multi-satellite task scheduling method for repeated observation of space debris

WANG Dali1²，DONG Lei1,2,*，LI Huawang1,²， ZHENG Zhenzhen1²,HU Haiying1,² (1.InnovationAcademy forMicrosatelitesofChineseAcademy ofSciences，Shanghai 201304，China; 2.University ofChineseAcademy ofSciences，Beijing10oo49，China)

Abstract:Aiming at the problem of scheduling repeated observations of multiple space targets by multiple satelites withinagiventimeperiod,amulti-populationgenetic neighborhoodsearchalgorithm(MPGNSA)isproposed.Firstlytaking intoaccount theobservationcapabilitiesofsatelitesandtheobservationrequirementsof targets,thedesigndirectionisto maximize the benefits of the observation frequency and time of thetarget in the observation cycle.Then,theconstraints of satelite task schedulinganddevelopa planning model forsatelite-basedobservationof space targetsareanalyzed.In addition,aparalelevolutionaryapproach acrossmulti-opulation isadopted,anencoding shemeandheuristicrulesare employedduring the evolution processtoensure high-fitness individuals，while aneighborhood search mechanismis introducedtoenhanceconvergencesped.Finally，simulationresultsshowthatMPGNSAachieveshigherfinalfitness compared tootheralgorithms.Under thesamecomputational timeconstraints,MPGNSA also yields higher task benefits than other algorithms.Itcan be concluded that MPGNSA has significant advantages in improving task fitnessand optimizing scheduling efficiency, offering more efficient solutions within limited computational time.

Keywords:satelltemission planning；multi-satellte collaboration；multi-population evolution；genetic algorithm；neighborhoodsearch

0 引言

近年来，近地轨道的空间碎片数量因航天活动的频繁开展而急剧增加，由此带来的轨道安全风险正逐渐成为航天可持续发展的关键挑战。（剩余28680字）