儒家文化对医助自杀的伦理批判

〔摘要〕从儒家立场看，不同角色对医助自杀有差异化的伦理考量。从患者的角度来看，儒家不支持自杀作为一种权利；从家属的角度来看，儒家不认为医助自杀更有利于维护患者尊严；从医生的角度来看，支持医助自杀不仅有悖于医学的初衷，而且可能会导致严重的社会后果。总之，儒家在医助自杀上总体倾向于否定态度。

〔关键词〕医助自杀；儒家；自杀权；尊严；医德

〔中图分类号〕R-052 〔文献标志码〕A 〔文章编号〕1001-8565（2024）12-1416-05

DOI： 10. 12026/j. issn. 1001-8565. 2024. 12. 07

Ethical criticism of Confucian culture on physician-assisted suicide

GUO Fanfan， ZHANG Jing， YANG Fang

（School of Basic Medical Sciences， Navy Medical University， Shanghai 200433， China）

Abstract： From the Confucian perspective， different roles have different ethical considerations for physician-assisted suicide （PAS）. From the perspective of patients， Confucianism does not support suicide as a right. For family members， Confucianism does not believe that PAS is more conducive to maintaining the dignity of patients. From a doctor’s perspective， supporting PAS not only goes against the original intention of medicine， but may also lead to serious social consequences. In conclusion， Confucianism generally tends to adopt a negative attitude towards PAS.

Keywords： physician-assisted suicide； Confucian； right to suicide； dignity； medical ethics

在老龄化程度逐渐加剧的社会背景下，医助自杀逐渐进入公众视野并引发广泛的伦理讨论。（剩余7914字）