滇山茶品种的花色性状分类及花瓣理化因子分析

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中图分类号：Q945 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-3142（2026）02-0220-15

Abstract：Camellia reticulata isan important winter-flowering treespeciesin southwestern China，known for the characteristicsof talltreestructureand brightlycolored flowers.To explorethe mechanism offlower colorformation in （204号 C .reticulata，this studyused germplasmsof diferent flower colors as experimental materials.Various physicochemical indicators were measured， including petal color parameters， celular pH ，metal ion content，total anthocyanin content， totalflavonoidcontent，and totalcarotenoidcontent.Methodssuchassignificance diferencecomparisonandcorrelation analysis were employed tocomprehensivelyanalyze the relationship between flower color phenotypes and physicochemical factors in C . reticulata. The results were as follows：（1） Using the CIEL*a*b* color system，the flower colors of （20 C .reticulatacould be classifiedinto five colorseries，asreddish-purple，red，pinkish-purple，light-pink，and white.This method effectively distinguishedand quantitativelydescribed the flower color phenotypes.（2）Relationship between physicochemical factors and flower color was complex. The pH ofpetal cell sap ranged from 3.48 to 4.46， indicating anacidic intracelular environment，which mighthelp maintain the stabilityof anthocyanins inthepetals.The contentof eight metal ions varied significantlyamong petalsof diferentcolorseriesand showed significantcoelations with flowercolor phenotype dataand pigment content.（3）Significant diferences were observed inthe contentof total flavonoids，totalanthocyanins，andtotal carotenoidsamong petalsofdiferentcolors.Totalflavonoidswere highestin ‘Tongzimian’，while total anthocyanins and total carotenoids wereallthe highest in‘Zhushazipao’，which had the darkest flowercolorphenotype.In conclusion，anthocyanin content inpetalsis correlatedwith flowercolor phenotype.Flavonoidsmayparticipateinflowercolorationthrough copigmentation，anddifferenttypesof pigments lkely collectively regulate the flower color of C .reticulata in specific proportions.Cytoplastic pH and metal ions are involved in theflowercoloration process and playpositiveroles.The findings of thisstudy provideascientific basis for the classification of C .reticulata flower colorsand offer theoretical insights into the mechanism of flower color formation.

Key words：Camelliareticulata，flowercolor，physiochemical factors，anthocyanins，flavonoids，correlationanalysis

滇山茶（Camelliareticulate）是山茶科（Theaceae）山茶属（Camellia）的常绿木本观花植物，原产于我国西南海拔 1 000～3 200m 的天然林间，属我国特有种、国家二级保护植物，是中国十大名花之一，云南八大名花之首（杨明艳等，2020）。（剩余23111字）