基于球杆仪的三轴数控机床几何误差灵敏度分析

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中图分类号：TH161.2 文献标志码：A文章编号:1006-0316(2025)11-0001-09

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2025.11.001

Ballbar-Based Sensitivity Analysis on Geometric Errors of Three-Axis CNC Machine Tools

YI Lanpu， SONG Fan， CHEN Xiangzhi (School of Mechanical Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610o39, China）

Abstract ∵ This paper focuses on the separation of geometric error coupling and superposition of the machine tool kinematic chain,and analyzes the varying impacts of diferent geometric error sources on spindle accuracy during eror transmision. A machine tool geometric error decoupling model based on the Improved Grey Wolf Optimizer (IGWO)algorithm is established.By constructing the machine tool kinematic chain error transfer matrix,the models of positional,straightness and rotational errors are systematically separated.The MT21 Ball Bar from CITIC Huitong is employed to conduct the circular error measurements on the X,Y, and Z planes of the machine tool.The error data ofthe three-axis machine tool spindle with multiple degrees offreedom is collected, and the IGWO algorithm is utilized to accurately decouple the 21 geometric error elements of the three-axis machine tool. Sobol index method-based sensitivity analysis is further carried out onthe decoupled geometric error elements, effectively revealing the contribution ranking of key geometric error sources to spindle radial and axial errors when the machine tool spindle moves on different machining planes, which offers new theories for error tracing and process compensation for machine tool accuracy optimization.

Key words: three-axis machine tool ; error separation sensitivity analysis : grey wolf optimization algorithm

在数控机床精度评价与误差补偿研究中，几何误差的测量与分析是至关重要的环节。（剩余15078字）