巨噬细胞极化对骨性膝关节炎发展进程和治疗效果影响的研究进展

[中图分类号] R684.3 [文献标志码] A

ABSTRACTMacrophage polarization is involved in the entire process the occurrence and development knee osteoarthritis （KOA）.By polarizing into distinct functional phenotypes，macrophages play key regulatory roles in the initiation inflammation，matrix degradation，suppression cartilage formation，and progression the disease. The M1-type macrophages secrete numerous pro-inflammatory cytokines to exacerbate the inflammatory responses and promote the destruction articular cartilage. Conversely，the M2-type macrophages help maintain the extracelllar matrix homeostasis and facilitate cartilage formation byreleasing anti-inflammatory factors while suppressing the secretion inflammatory factors，thereby exerting anti-inflammatory efects and promoting tissue repair.Recent studies have shown that an imbalanced ratio M1/M2 macrophages（M1/M2 ratio） is closely linked with both the pathogenesis and progression KOA.Restoration the dynamic balance between these two subtypes could be an essential strategy for treating and preventing KOA. This article reviewed the current literatures retrieved from PubMed and CNKI databases using the keywords“knee osteoarthritis” and“macrophages” over the past decade. The review introduced the process macrophage polarization and the mechanisms different macrophage phenotypes in KOA，and further discussed the recent advances in modulating the M1/M2 ratio for KOA management through chemical drugs，bioactive molecules，and traditional Chinese medicine and so on，aiming to provide the theoretical insights for future research and clinical interventions.

KEYWORDS Knee osteoarthritis;； Macrophage；Ml-type macrophage; M2-type macrophage;M1/M2 ratio

骨性膝关节炎（kneeosteoarthritis，KOA）是一种高发的慢性关节退行性疾病，其病理改变包括关节软骨退行性变、软骨下骨损伤、滑膜炎和骨赘形成等[1]。（剩余16777字）