湖南薏苡种质资源调查及表型评价

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Abstract：To evulate their types，distribution paterns，and phenotypic traits of adlay germplasm resources，this study characterized 92 adlay germplasm resources collcted from Hunan province during two projects，"The Third National Census and Collection Action on Crop Germplasm Resources" and "The Protection and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm Resources in Hunan Province".The accesions were distributed across 34 counties（cities，districts）within 13 prefecture-level cities（including one autonomous prefecture）in Hunan. Regions such as Zhuzhou， Yueyang，Chenzhou，Huaihua，and Shaoyang harbored relatively higher numbers of accessions.Wild types accounted for 89.13% of the collection，while cultivated types constituted 10.87% . The altitudinal range of collection sites spanned 18.3 to 1215.5m ，with 56 accessions （60.87%） found below 300m . Genetic diversity indices for the eight qualitative traits ranged from 0.387 to 1.424，and those for the six quantitative traits varied between 1.658 and 2.024. Wild adlay exhibited greater phenotypic variation than cultivated types in plant height，productive tiler number，main stem node number，and grain number per panicle compared. Significant differences were observed between wild and cultivated types in productive tiller number，main stem node number and hundred-grain weight. Cluster analysis classified the 92 accessions into 5 distinct groups. Eight accessions （CL11， CL18，CL29，CL32， CL45，CL47，CL61，and CL76）were identified as superior due to their high yield performance，distinctive traits，and significant utilization value.

Key words： germplasm resources; geographical distribution; phenotypic characterization; adlay

薏苡（Coixlacryma-jobiL.），又名苡米、川谷、尿珠子、草珠子等，属于禾本科薏苡属，一年生或多年生草本植物，主要分布在亚洲的热带和亚热带地区[1-2]。（剩余15449字）