老梨园“一接三改”高接换优栽培技术

摘要：泊头市针对部分老梨园进行了品种、树体、栽培模式的改良，通过“一接三改”高接换优技术实现了“三改三优”的目的，即将传统鸭梨品种改为秋月梨、玉露香梨等优新品种，将传统疏散分层形树形改为单层薄幕开心形树形，将传统大冠稀植种植模式改为水平网架栽培模式，实现了轻简化、高质高效栽培。

关键词：老梨园；高接换优；嫁接技术

文章编号：2096-8108（2023）05-0051-03中图分类号：S661.2中图分类号文献标识码：A文献标志码

High-grafting and Replacement Cultivation Techniques in Old Pear Orchard

LIU Tongcai LIU Baoqing LI  Tielian ZHAO Huimin ZHAO Shujun YU Lixiang

（1.Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Botou City， Botou Hebei 062150， China;

2.Botou Yafeng Fruit Co.， Ltd.， Botou Hebei 062150， China）Abstract： The improvement of cultivars， tree body and cultivation mode was carried out for some old pear orchards in Botou. The purpose of ‘three improvements and three excellent’ was realized by the high grafting technology of ‘one grafting and three changes’.That is， the traditional Yali pear cultivars were changed to new cultivars such as Qiuyue pear and Yuluxiang pear， the traditional evacuation layered tree shape was changed to a single layer thin curtain open center tree shape， and the traditional large crown sparse planting mode was changed to a horizontal grid cultivation mode， which realized light simplification， high quality and high efficiency cultivation.

Keywords：old pear orchard; high grafting excellent; grafting technique

我国传统稀植大冠老梨园面积占比大，生产中表现为树体高大、树冠郁密、树势衰弱、结果部位外移、内膛光秃，果品质量下降、经济效益下滑、产业颓势凸显。（剩余2375字）