肃北五个庙石窟北朝遗迹考述

——五个庙石窟研究之一

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内容摘要：肃北五个庙石窟的西夏壁画在敦煌石窟艺术中颇具特色，但是这个石窟群的始建年代并不是西夏时期，而是可以追溯到敦煌石窟营建的早期阶段。五个庙石窟现存6个有壁画的编号洞窟，在这些洞窟内都保留着一些北朝时期的建筑和造像遗迹。这些遗迹与敦煌莫高窟和西千佛洞北朝石窟遗存既存在相似性，又有其独特之处。

关键词：肃北五个庙石窟；敦煌石窟；北朝；壁画

中图分类号：K879.21  文献标识码：A  文章编号：1000-4106（2024）03-0050-13

A Study on the Northern Dynasties Relics of

the Five-Temple Grottoes in Subei

—Ongoing Studies on the Five-Temple Grottoes（I）

ZHANG Xiaogang

（Institute of Archaeology， Dunhuang Academy， Dunhuang 736200， Gansu）

Abstract：The Western Xia dynasty murals of the Five-Temple Grottoes in Subei， Mongolian Autonomous County， are quite unique in their artistic style among the caves of Dunhuang. However， this group of caves was first constructed as early as the first period of construction at Dunhuang， rather than during the Western Xia period. There are currently six numbered caves that contain murals in the Five-Temple Grottoes， and all of them contain additional relics such as statuary and images from the Northern Dynasties period. These items are similar to other Northern Dynasties relics at the Mogao Grottoes and the Western Thousand-Buddha Grottoes in Dunhuang， though they also exhibit several unique characteristics as well.

Keywords：Five-Temple Grottoes in Subei; Dunhuang Caves; Northern Dynasties; wall painting

五个庙石窟是敦煌石窟群之一，位于今甘肃省肃北蒙古族自治县城北18公里处（图1），2013年被列入全国重点文物保护单位。（剩余8951字）