苏联经验”与新中国成立初期中央计刘部门的创建

[中图分类号]D232；K275 [文献标志码］A［文章编号]1003-3815（2025）-02-0095-16

The“Soviet Experience” and the Establishment of Central Planning Departments in the EarlyYears of thePeople’sRepublicof China

Chen Li

Abstract： In the early years of the People's Republic of China，asignificant number offormerpersonnel from the Nationalist government's Resources Commisson were incorporated into the newly established central planning departments.This phenomenon led some later researchers to argue that there was a degree of historical“continuity” between the old and new regimes in terms of building a planned economic system，suggesting that China’s planed economy originated more from the“Republican legacy”than from the“Soviet experience.”However，a historical examination of the establishment of the PRC’s central planning organs reveals the complex nature of the “Soviet experience.”The CPC’s personnel appointments in the Planning Bureau experienced a change from “Party memberization”to a model of“coexistence between the old and new cadres.”However，this transitional arrangement did not steer thePRC toward thedevelopment of a planned economy.Instead，itultimately prompted the CPC to establish the State Planning Commission with a fundamentally different personnel composition.

对于新中国建立计划经济的历程，毛泽东曾有过一段“照搬说”的经典叙述：“全国解放后，一九五○年至一九五七年，在经济工作和文教工作中产生了教条主义经济工作中的教条主义，主要表现在重工业工作、计划工作、银行工作和统计工作方面，特别是重工业和计划方面，因为我们不懂，完全没有经验，横竖自己不晓得，只好搬我们对苏联和中国的情况都不了解。（剩余20277字）