黑色页岩与宜居地球的形成与演化

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（Shaanxi Key Laboratoryof Early Lifeand Environments/State Key Laboratory of Continental Evolutionand EarlyLife/Department of Geology，Northwest University，Xi‘an 71OO69，China）

AbstractThe deposition of black shales records critical stages in the formation and evolution of a habitable Earth，encompasing the convergence and breakup of supercontinents，large-scale climate changes，fluctuations in ancient ocean redox conditions，and biological radiations and extinctions.The formation of black shales is typically associated with marine environments.It not only reflects the interactions between oceanic redox states and biological evolution throughout geological history，but also preserves information on the cycling and transformation of essential life elements-such as nitrogen，phosphorus，and iron-between the biosphere and theabiotic environment.This study systematically reviews the sedimentary characteristics and depositional models of black shales，as well as their implications for the biogeochemical cycling of key bioessential elements and the reconstruction of paleo-ocean redox conditions.Additionally，it explores the impact of black shale weathering on the global carbon cycle and environmental pollution.Finally，the paper summarizes the current challenges in using black shales for studies on Earth's habitability and discusses potential future research directions，providing insights for further investigations.

Keywordsblack shale；organic carbon burial； element cycling；heavy metal pollution；earth's habitability

黑色页岩是一类富含黏土矿物和有机质的泥质沉积岩，黏土矿物的质量分数通常超过 50% ，其较高的有机质与黄铁矿含量是其呈现黑色外观的主要原因[1-3]。（剩余34087字）