针对“亮点型”砂岩储层的叠后相对振幅解耦流体检测方法及应用

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中图分类号：P631 文献标识码：A DOI：10. 13810/j. cnki. issn. 1000-7210. 20240267

Abstract：Clastic rock reservoirs are widely distributed in the Barbados accretionary wedge basin with the pri⁃ mary reservoir type of deepwater turbidite sandstone and the hydrocarbon type of biogas reservoir. Since gas ⁃ bearing sandstones and water ⁃ bearing sandstones in the basin are both presented as“bright spot”anomalies in seismic data，it is difficult for conventional post ⁃ stack hydrocarbon detection methods to accurately predict the distribution of gas reservoirs，which leads to a low success rate of early exploration. Thus，after analyzing log⁃ ging response characteristics of drilled reservoirs，this paper proposes a new fluid detection method based on post⁃ stack relative amplitude decoupling for“bright spot”sandstone reservoirs. Firstly，the main controlling factors of the seismic response of reservoirs are quantitatively analyzed by means of fluid substitution and forward mo ⁃ deling. Secondly，the post ⁃ stack relative amplitude decoupling factor is designed for“bright spot”sandstone reservoirs，and the relative amplitude relationship template is established for different lithologies and fluids. Fi⁃ nally，gas⁃bearing sandstones and water⁃bearing sandstones are distinguished utilizing the relative amplitude re⁃ lationship template to realize reservoir prediction and fluid detection with multi⁃age post⁃stack seismic data. The application results show that the new methodology has a stronger ability to distinguish gas ⁃ bearing sandstones and water⁃bearing sandstones in the study area，which overcomes the blind area of traditional post⁃stack hydro⁃ carbon detection methods，significantly improves the prediction accuracy of biogas reservoirs，and provides an important basis for exploration decision.

Keywords：hydrocarbon detection，post⁃stack seismic，relative amplitude，variance，biogas王嘉，尹川，李爱山，等 . 针对“亮点型”砂岩储层的叠后相对振幅解耦流体检测方法及应用［J］. 石油地球物理勘探，2025，60（3）：775‑782.WANG Jia，YIN Chuan，LI Aishan，et al. Fluid detection method based on post⁃stack relative amplitude decou⁃pling for“bright spot”sandstone reservoirs and its application［J］. Oil Geophysical Prospecting，2025，60（3）：775‑782.

0 引言

经国内外学者的长期研究，地震储层预测及油气检测技术已成为油气勘探开发的重要手段。（剩余10604字）