纳米氧化锌的抗菌作用机制及其影响因素的研究进展

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[中图分类号] R781.4 [文献标志码] A

Research progress in mechanism antimicrobial action zinc oxide nanoparticles and its influencing factors

XU ，WANG ， GUO ， LIU ，LIU （ ， ， ， ，）

ABSTRACTNanometal materials have been extensively studied due to their non-toxic，stable，and efficient biological properties.Among them，nano-zincoxide（ZnO-NPs），which exhibitsgood biocompatibility，isconsideredapromisingantibacterial material for medical applications due to its broadspectrum antibacterial effects and photocatalytic activity. The antibacterial mechanism ZnO-NPs is not yet fully understood，but two widely recognized modes have been proposed：one is a non-contact mechanism dominated by reactive oxygen species（ROS） generated by ZnO-NPs and the release Zn2+ ， and the other is a direct contact antibacterial mechanism involving the interaction between ZnO-NPs and bacterial cell wall components.These two distinct antibacterial mechanisms are atributed to the physicochemical properties ZnO-NPs. As a wide-bandgap semiconductor，the antibacterial efficacy ZnO-NPs is influenced not only by light exposure but also by factors such as particle size，concentration， morphology，as well as the type and structure the target bacteria. Therefore，understanding the precise mechanisms is crucial for elucidating the antibacterial functions ZnO -NPs against bacteria and fungi.This review summarizes the latest research progress on the antibacterial mechanisms ZnO-NPs and their influencing factors，and provides an overview the factors affecting the antibacterial performance ZnO-NPs，fering a basis for a deper understanding and application ZnO-NPs in antibacterial therapy. KEYWORDsNano-zinc oxide；Bacterial infectious diseases； Antibacterial mechanism；Reactive oxygen species；Influencing factor

细菌感染性疾病可表现为局部或全身症状，其中一个关键特征是易反复发作，约 30% 患者会复发[1。（剩余18371字）