新生儿期反复伤害性刺激对神经精神的影响及相关研究进展

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关键词：疼痛；痛觉过敏；反复伤害性刺激；新生儿；突触重塑中图分类号：R747.9 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-503X（2025）05-0843-07DOI： 10.3881/j. issn.1000-503X.16266

ABSTRACT：The establishment and development of neonatal intensive care unit（NICU） have significantly increased the survival rate of premature infants. However，the diagnosis，treatment，and surgeries performed in NICU may expose neonates to more noxious stimuli.As the neonatal period is crucial for brain development，these noxious stimuli may cause irreversible damage to the neonatal nervous system. Existing clinical studies have shown that repetitive noxious stimuli during the neonatal period can lead to poor brain development，persistent hyperalgesia，and varioussequelae.However，theunderlying mechanisms remain unclear，and effective treatment methodsare lacking.This article summarizes the efects of repetitive noxious stimuli during the neonatal period on neural development and the complications，aiming to provide a basis for the neonatal analgesia management and the prevention and treatment of related sequelae.

Key words：pain；hyperalgesia；repetitive noxious stimuli；neonate；synaptic remodeling

疼痛是大脑对机体一定部位的组织损伤或潜在损伤产生的一种不愉快的主观感觉和情绪体验，是人们寻求医疗帮助的最常见原因，也是导致残疾的首要原因。（剩余17581字）