胃超声造影在食管裂孔疝临床诊疗中的应用

关键词：胃超声造影；食管裂孔疝；动态；无创

中图分类号：R445.1 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-503X（2025）05-0710-06

DOI：10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16646

ABSTRACT：Hiatal hernia（HH） refers to a common digestive system disorder in which the stomach or other abdominal organs protrude into the thoracic cavity through the esophageal hiatus. With changes of people's lifestyles，accelerated aging，and rising ratesof obesity and overweight，the incidence of HH in China has been steadilyincreasing.Early diagnosis and accurate classification of HH are critical for guiding treatment decisions. Conventional diagnostic methods—such as barium swalow X-ray，gastroscopy，computed tomography，and high resolutionesophageal manometry—have limitations，including invasiveness，radiation exposure，high costs，or inadequate dynamic assessment. Gastric contrast-enhanced ultrasound，as a novel non-invasive imaging technique， has demonstrated unique advantages in the evaluation of HH inrecent years.Thisarticle reviews the technical principles， clinical applications，and recent advancements of gastric contrast-enhanced ultrasound.

Key words：gastric contrast-enhanced ultrasound；hiatal hernia；dynamic；non-invasiveness

食管裂孔疝（hiatalhemia，HH）是由于膈肌的食管裂孔先天性发育异常、后天性松弛或腹内压增高等因素，导致胃的一部分（如胃底、贲门）或其他腹腔脏器（如脾脏、肠管）经食管裂孔突入胸腔内，伴或不伴食管胃连接部（esophagogastricjunction，EGJ）移位的一种解剖结构异常[1]。（剩余14444字）