不同水平WTA选手赛中大力发球的运动学对比分析

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中图分类号：G804.66 文献标志码：A DOI：10.11776/j. issn. 1000-4939.2026.02.019

文章编号：1000-4939（2026）02-0453-09 CSTR：32414. 14. cjam. issn. 1000-4939.2026. 02.019

Abstract：Objective To analyze the serve techniques Chinese female pressional tenns players lowerlyranked in the WTA and compare their data with those top-ranked world-classfemale players so as to understand the technical characteristics their serves and identify the factors influencing the serving speed Chinese players. The goal is to provide targeted recommendations for improving serving speed.Methods Three-dimensional motion capture data were collected from 7 top international players （ranked within the top 50 in September 2019）and 10 Chinese players （ranked beyond the top 1OO）during their fastest inside-out serves in the advantage court.The relationship between serve technique and ballspeed，as well as technique differences，were analyzed.Results The peak elbow flexion angular velocity during the backswing was positively correlated with ball speed，while trunk tilt amplitude was negatively correlated with ball speed （ P<0.05 ）. Significant differences in serve speed，shoulder rotation angles，elbow flexion-extensionangles，and trunk tilt were found between Chinese and top international players（ P<0 . 05）. Conclusion The ball speed powerful serves by WTA players different levels is related to elbow flexion speed and trunk movement during the swing. However，the serving technique Chinese players differs from that world-class players，and their serve speed is lower.To enhance serve speed，it is recommended that Chinese players shift their center gravity towards the racket side during the backswing，reduce trunk rotation amplitude，relax the elbow joint during the serve，and focus on strengthening the trunk and elbow muscles during training.

Key words：women's tennis；tennis serve；biomechanical analysis；three-dimensional kinematics

网球发球的质量，尤其是较高的球速，是职业运动员赢得发球局、控制比赛节奏的关键因素。（剩余13840字）