气候因素对儿童社区获得性肺炎影响的研究进展

[中图分类号]R179 [文献标识码]A [文章编号]1673—5293（2026）01—0025—06

Research progress on the effect of climatic factors on community-acquired pneumonia in children

LU Weifen1²，LIU Feng1

（1.Department of Respiratory Medicine，Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University，Jiangsu Nanjing 210008，China;2.Department of Pediatrics，Huzhou Central Hospital，Zhejiang Huzhou 3l3Oo，China）

[Abstract] Community-acquired pneumonia（CAP）is oneof themajor respiratory diseases among children worldwide.Climate change isconsideredanimportantfactorinfluencingitsincidenceandtransmisionpatterns.Climatefactorssuchastemperature， humidity，rainfallamount，andaltitudecanaffectthesurvivalandtransmsionofpathogens，aswellashumanbhaviorand immunity，therebyinfluencingtheincidenceandseverityofpneumoniainchildren.Drivenbyhumanfactors，today'sclimateis highlyvariable.Thepublic healthsectorurgentlyneds topayatentiontotheimpactofclimatefactorsonchildren’srespiratory healthadtakeeffectiveinterventionmeasures toreducethehealthburdencausedbyclimatechange.Thisreviewsummarizes the mechanismsby which climate factors afect CAP inchildrenand proposes public health strategiesto adressclimate change. [Key words] child;community-acquired pneumonia;temperature;humidity;rainfall amount;altitude

社区获得性肺炎（community-acquired pneumonia，CAP）目前仍是全球儿童群体最主要的呼吸道感染性疾病，虽然随着社会经济、医疗水平的日益提升和儿童肺炎疫苗等的广泛应用，儿童肺炎的发病率及严重程度有了大幅度的降低[1，但肺炎仍是5岁以下儿童感染性疾病的最主要死亡原因之一[2]。（剩余13907字）