儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停诊疗进展

摘要 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）是一种常见的儿童呼吸系统疾病，未经治疗的OSA可能导致频繁上呼吸道感染、夜惊、遗尿、生长发育迟缓，甚至出现腺样体面容。目前国内外对儿童OSA研究越来越深入，兹从流行病学、临床表现、诊断和治疗几个方面对儿童OSA诊疗进展进行综述。

关键词 儿童；阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停；诊疗进展；高海拔

Progress in Diagnosis and Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children

YE Huiru1，2，HAO Lijuan1，2

（1 Graduate School of Qinghai University，Xining 810000，China； 2 Otolaryngology Department of Qinghai Red Cross Hospital，Xining 810000，China）

Abstract Obstructive sleep apnea（OSA） is a common respiratory disease in children.Untreated OSA may lead to frequent upper respiratory tract infection，night terrors，enuresis，growth retardation，and even adenoid visage.At present，more and more research on OSA in children at home and abroad has been carried out.This article reviews the progress of diagnosis and treatment of OSA in children from the aspects of epidemiology，clinical manifestations，diagnosis and treatment.

Keywords Children； Obstructive sleep apnea； Diagnosis and treatment progress； High altitude

中图分类号：R762  文献标识码：A  doi：10.3969/j.issn.2095-7130.2023.11.077

儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停［1］（Obstructive Sleep Apnea，OSA）指儿童在夜间睡眠过程中由于上气道部分或全部阻塞，导致睡眠中出现频繁觉醒、睡眠片段化，从而引起患儿通气不畅及睡眠结构紊乱，并引起一系列病理生理的变化，通常与外周血氧饱和度降低和（或）高碳酸血症有关。（剩余17289字）