深孔零件轴线直线度误差的在线测量与评定技术研究

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中图分类号：TH161.12 DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2025.09.013

Research on Online Measurement and Evaluation of Axial Straightness Errorsfor Deep-hole Parts

SHEN Wenhua WANG Xibin QIAN YonghaoLIU Zhibing* SONG Ci School of Mechanical Engineering，Beijing Institute of Technology，Beijing，100081

Abstract：To realize the accurate online measurement of axis straightness errors fordeep-hole parts，a multi-sensor integrated measurement system was constructed by eddy current displacement sensors，electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer，rotary encoder and laser interferometer.Byanalyzing thearrangement and distribution of spatial sample points，a rough error filtering method was proposed based on sine and cosine distribution characteristics，and the influences of random errors were reduced by Kalman filtering method，and data information closer to the real contour of parts was obtained. Based on the principle of approaching the minimum area，the evaluation of axis straightness errors was transformed into a parameter optimization problem，and the IZOA was adopted to solve this problem. In the comparative measurement experiments of commercial laser trackers，the measurement error of the developed measurement system is only 0.053mm in the length range of 1500mm deep-hole parts（with an innerdiameterof 150mm ），and the straightness measurement errors are less than 0.065mm/m ，which meets the requirements of enterprises（ 0.15mm/m ）and may effectively guide the machining processes of deep-hole parts.

Key words： deep-hole part；axis straightness error; multi-sensor integrated online measurement； improved zebra optimization algorithm（IZOA）

0 引言

随着现代装备制造业的高速发展，兵器、航空、船舶、冶金和汽车等领域对长径比大于10的高精度深孔零件提出了迫切需求[1-2]。（剩余15462字）