WalkawayVSP资料保幅处理关键技术与深度域偏移成像

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中图分类号：P631 文献标识码：A DOI：10.13810/j.cnki.issn.1000-7210.20250192

Abstract：Asa bridge linking surface seismic data and borehole information，Walkaway VSP technology has unique advantages in the exploration of structurally complex hydrocarbon reservoirs. Using actual Walkaway VSP data from a complex slope zone in the X Basin as an example， this paper systematically presents a complete technical workflow，covering raw dataquality control，amplitude- and vector-preserving processing，and imaging. To addressthe challenges of strong topographic relief，complex wavefields，and severe signal loss during data acquisition in this area，a multi-stage；coupled amplitude-preserving strategy is innovatively proposed.The workflow integrates five techniques，including RT rotation correction，abnormal amplitude suppression，spherical divergence compensation， consistent amplitude compensation，and amplitude balancing， which ffectively resolve the problem of uneven wavefield energy distribution. Depth-domain velocity modeling and imaging of Walkaway VSP data are carried out using tomography and prestack Kirchhoff depth migration. Processing results from real data demonstrate that the optimized preprocessing workflow significantly enhances deep efective signal energy and improves the signal-to-noise ratio，providing a high-quality data foundation for subsequent prestack depth migration imaging. The amplitude-and vector-preserving preprocesing and depth-domain migration imaging workflow proposed in this study ofers a reference for Walkaway VSP data processing in complex

geological areas.

Keywords： Walkaway VSP，amplitude-preserving processing，vector-preserving processing，prestack depth migration

杨雯，曹中林，全慧媛，等.WalkawayVSP资料保幅处理关键技术与深度域偏移成像[J].石油地球物理勘探， 2026，61（2） ：336-346.

Yang Wen，Cao Zhonglin，Quan Huiyuan，et al. Key techniques for amplitude-preserving processing of Walkaway VSP data and depth-domain migration imaging[J]. Oil Geophysical Prospecting，2026，61（2） ： 336-346.

0 引言

近年来，随着油气勘探向深层一超深层领域拓展，垂直地震剖面（VerticalSeismicProfiling，VSP）技术展现了巨大的发展潜力。（剩余13384字）