深部多层坚硬顶板动-静载耦合致灾机制与监测

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中图分类号：TD325 文献标志码：A

DOI：10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2025070086

Abstract：Due to diferences in geological occurrence and mining layout，the mechanism of rock burst requires targeted research based on specific mine and working face conditions.Taking the No.12240 working faceofGengcun Coal Mine，HenanDayou Energy Co.，Ltd.as theresearch object，thisstudy investigated the influence of the overlying hard roofs on rock bursts from the perspectives of microseismic energy events， dynamic-static load superposition in front of the working face，and online stress monitoring of hard roofs. Thetemporal and spatial paterns of hard roof instability were identified based on the distribution characteristics of microseismic energy events.A mechanical model of the front abutment pressure under full mining conditions was established，and adynamic-static load coupling analysis method based on theenergy superpositionprinciple was proposed to calculate the total energy transmitted from the fractured hard rock strata to the working face.An onlie monitoring scheme for hard rock layer activity was also developed，and the dynamic stress evolution of the coal rock massduring mining was quantitatively revealed using cable-bolt monitoring data.The results show that the combined failure of the low-position hard layer，the first middle-position hard layer，and the second middle-position hard layer transmitted a total superimposed energy of 1.22×104J to the working face， which significantly exceeds the critical rock-burst energy threshold of Gengcun Coal Mine. Cable-bolt monitoring data indicated a pronounced abnormal increase in stress within the 132-143m range ahead of the cut-hole， which strongly correlated with the spatiotemporal evolution of microseismic energy events and was identified as the main trigger of rock bursts.Based on the dynamic stres-response characteristics of the cable bolts，the coal rock mass activity in front of the working face during advancement was divided into three typical stages： the slowinfluence stage， the significant-influence stage，and the rapid-decline stage.

Key words： rock burst; multilayer hard roof; dynamic-static load coupling; microseismic energy event; deep mining; stress monitoring

0引言

随着我国经济的不断发展，能源需求扩大及浅部煤炭的逐步枯竭，煤炭深部开采成为主流。（剩余21487字）