观赏植物遗传图谱构建及QTL定位研究进展

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Research Advances in Genetic Map Construction and QTL Mapping of Ornamental Plants

XUJia 1，2 ，ZHOUMingqin’，LI Huayang²，JIARuidong²，ZHAO Xin²，GE Hong²，KOU Yaping²，YANG Shuhua² （ColegeoficuureddeeUeitynoubeiitutVebd ChineseAcademyofAgriculturalSciences/StateKeyLaboratoryofVegetableBiobreeding/KeyLaboratoryofBiologyandGenetic ImprovementofFloriculturalCrops（NorthernRegion），MinistryofAgricultureandRuralAfairs，Beijing00081）

Abstract：Ornamental plants are important horticultural crops，and their traits such as plant shape，flower color，flower form，flower fragrance，flowering habitat，prickle directly determine theirormamental and market value.Modern molecular breeding techniques are effective ways for rapidly developing new varieties. However， thelackoflocalizationand mining of keygenes for important traits greatly limits theapplicationof these techniques in ornamental plants.Genetic map isa linear arrangement map of therelative positionsof chromosomal or intra-genomic loci based on the recombination frequencyof genetic markers.It is a crucialtool for studying the genetic laws and molecular mechanisms of complex traits in organisms，providing a foundation forthe localization，identificationand genetic mechanism analysis of key genesfor traits，and offering theoretical and practical guidance for molecular breeding.In recent years，with the development of sequencing and molecular biology techniques，some progress has been made in genetic map construction and quantitative trait loci （QTL）mapping of ornamental plants，but it lacks systematic induction and summarization.This paper reviews the research progress on the construction of genetic maps and QTL mapping for important ornamental traits includingplant shape，flower color，flower fragrance，petal number，and resistance-related traitsin ornamental plants such as roses，orchids，and chrysanthemums，etc.It also discusses the existing problems， solutions and future development in the construction and application of genetic maps in ornamental plants， aiming to provide references and theoretical guidance for molecular breeding of ornamental plants.

Key words： ornamental plants;genetic map;molecular marker;QTL mapping

观赏植物具有重要经济和生态价值，在园林绿化、景观营造、盆栽栽培、切花生产、香料香精及药用成分提取等领域应用广泛。（剩余41999字）