广东省水稻主导品种 粤禾丝苗 品质性状分析

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中图分类号：S511；S330 文献标志码：A文章编号：1001-411X（2025）06-0843-08

Abstract： 【Objective】 High quality is one of the core objectives in rice breeding， encompassing multiple aspects such as processing quality，appearance quality， cooking and eating quality， as wellas nutritional quality. ‘Yuehesimiao’ is a high-quality main rice variety developed by the Rice Research Institute of Guangdong

Academy ofAgricultural Sciences.It exhibits strong lodging resistance，high stress tolerance，andexcelent grain quality，and has been widely adopted. This study was aimed to systematically analyze the grain quality and associated genotypes of‘Yuehesimiao’，further explore its superior traits，and provide a theoretical support for ricebreeding and variety improvement. 【Method】 Using high-quality varieties ‘Yuexiangzhan’ and "Yuzhenxiang’ as controls， the grain quality traits of“Yuehesimiao’ （including grain shape，amylose content， gel consistency） were measured， and its starch viscosity profile （including peak viscosity，cool paste viscosity and setback viscosity， etc.） were characterized. Simultaneously， PCR amplification and genotyping were performed forquality-related genes. Meanwhile， the application potential of ‘Yuehesimiao’ in quality breeding was explored. 【Result】 The grain shape of‘Yuehesimiao’ was intermediate between those of the two control varieties， with its grain morphology primarily governed by gs3 and gw7 genes. The processing quality traits of Yuehesimiao’ were excellent，featuring low amylose content and high gel consistency. Its superior cooking and eating quality was associated with WXb gene. Additionally， ‘Yuehesimiao’ was demonstrated with high protein andfatty acid contents， with thesecharacteristics being particularly pronounced under early-season cultivation conditions.The quality characteristics of hybrid and conventional rice varieties developed using‘Yuehesimiao’ as a restorer line or a founder parent were excellent. 【Conclusion】‘Yuehesimiao’ is a medium-to-long grain rice variety with excellent appearance quality and superior processing quality. These findings provide a theoretical basis for developing new rice varieties featuring synergistic improvement of yield，stressresistance， and grain quality.

Key words： Oryza sativa L.; ‘Yuehesimiao’;Quality trait; RVA profile

优质是水稻OryzasativaL.新品种选育的重要目标之一。（剩余10785字）