河南省水稻种质资源调查收集与鉴定评价

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Abstract：From 2021 to 2023，the Ofice of the Third National Crop Germplasm Resources Census and Collection Action in Henan province carried out a comprehensive survey and collection of crop germplasm resources in128counties（cities）in theHenan province，P.R.China.A total of120 rice planting information were collected，37rice germplasm resources werecolected，and33of themwere investigatedand identified. Therice planting in Henan showed some trends ofconcentrated planting area，increased planting area and sharp decrease of local varieties.The collcted rice germplasm resources were mainly from the northern and southern Henan rice areas. 63.64% of them were planted at an altitude of 50-100m .Phenotypic character identification showed that japonica rice was more than indica rice，lowland rice was more than upland rice，nonglutinous rice was more than glutinous rice，fragrant rice and colored rice accounted for 27.27% and 21.21% of the total resources，respectively.The phenotypic traits of resources were rich in diversity.Most germplasms showed that the plant height was between ，the culm was erect and length was between 80.1–100.0cm ，green leaf sheath colorand leafbladecolor，double-lobed ligule shape，erect flag leaf and last second leaf，the flag leaf length was and ，the flag leaf width was 1.51-1.75cm ，well exserted panicle extraction，intermediate panicle type，the panicle length was ，curved shape of panicle after maturity，multiple branches of secondary branches in panicle，awnless grain，yellowand hairy glume.Based on the phenotype，six excellent rice germplasm resources were screened out，including Xixianxiangdaowan No.1， Sanlicun，Hanxiang No.1F11，Maopuruandao，Heixiangnuo，Lvmi. In conclusion，this study would provide a scientific basis for the effective protection and utilization of Henan rice germplasm resources.

Key words： rice;germplasm resources;census and collection;identification and evaluation;Henan

水稻（OryzasativaL.）是世界上最重要的农作物之一，我国是世界上最大的水稻生产国，稻谷总产量居世界首位，我国 50% 以上人口以水稻为主食[。（剩余17707字）