摘 要：《神农本草经》和《药物学》(De Materia Medica)作为公元1世纪前中国和欧洲药学专著的代表，分别体现了两地药学发源与初创时期的最高成就，也为各自药学理论日后的发展奠定了基础。该文从药性、药物有毒无毒、药物制剂、药物配伍、药物采收和炮制等方面分析探讨奠基时期的两种药学思想的异同，为深入理解两种药学理论体系的思维模式，促进中西药学理论相互交流和相互借鉴，推动中国传统药学理论的新发展提供理论依据。
关键词：中国；欧洲；药物学；比较
中图分类号：R2-09文献标识码：A
文章编号：1673-7717(2008)05-0954-03
The Comparing and Research of Thinking on Materia Medica
During Foundational Period in Both China and Europe
LI Meixi，ZHANG Bing
（School of Chinese Pharmacy,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100102,China）Abstract：Shennong Bencao Jing and De Materia Medica，which represent the top achievement during the origin of the development of pharmacy in two different districts，are representative monographs on materia medica before 1BC and the basis of the development of materia medica in China and Europe respectively．This article is aimed to find out the common ground and the difference between the two theories on materia medica during the foundational period by comparing the understandings on the properties of herbs，the toxicity of herbs，the dosage of herbs，the compatibility between herbs，the collecting and the processing of herbs．That comparing is theoretically significant for deep understanding of the thought of the two and the promotion of the communication and interleaming between the western pharmacy and the Chinese pharmacy in the modem world.So that Chinese pharmacy nowadays can be developed more creatively and vitally．
Keywords:China;europe;academic concepts on Meterial Medica;comparing
成书于公元1世纪左右的《神农本草经》是中国本草史上第一部本草学专著，它载药365种，集秦汉以前本草学成就之大成，是中国本草学理论发展的基石；而同时期古希腊的《药物学》(De Materia Medica)收载药物600余种，是欧洲药学史上第一部药物学专著，一直到17世纪该书仍被欧洲医药界奉为圭某。（剩余1462字）