【摘要】 目的 了解小学生营养、体力活动和肥胖相关认知与儿童肥胖的相关关系，为儿童肥胖预防健康教育策略提供依据。方法 使用自填问卷的方法，调查北京市城区8～12岁小学生4 517名的营养、体力活动和肥胖知识，现场测量小学生的身高、体重和腰围，计算体质量指数（BMI）。使用结构方程模型对各指标之间的相关关系进行分析。结果 “运动能强壮骨骼和肌肉”的认知程度对体力活动认知效应最大，为0.82；“贵的食物不一定是有营养的食物”的认知程度对营养认知效应最大，为0.64；“肥胖的儿童不健康”的认知程度对肥胖相关认知效应最大，为0.62；营养、体力活动和肥胖相关认知对于体型的直接效应分别为0.07，0.02和-0.03。结论 在营养、体力活动和肥胖相关认知中，肥胖相关认知对于控制儿童肥胖的发生、发展有着最为突出的作用，应在这方面予以侧重。
【关键词】 营养状况；运动活动；肥胖症；知识；学生
【中图分类号】 R 153.2 R 179 G 479 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1000-9817(2007)02-0103-04
Relationship Between Obesity and Knowledge About Nutrition, Physical Activity and Obesity Among Pupils/ WANG Dong, CUI Zhao-hui, PAN Hui, et al.Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing(100050), China
【Abstract】 Objective To examine the relationship among childhood obesity and knowledge about nutrition, physical activity and obesity, and to provide evidence for developing childhood obesity prevention policies. MethodsA total of 4 517 children aged 8-12 years old were recruited from urban Beijing. Their knowledge on nutrition, physical activity and obesity were investigated by questionnaires, and their weight, height and circumference were measured, then BMI was calculated. Correlations were analyzed with structural equation model.ResultsThe variable which had the strongest effect on physical activity knowledge was that "physical activity can make bone and muscle robust"(0.82). The variable which had the strongest effect on nutrition knowledge was that "more expensive does not mean the more nutritional"(0.64). The variable which had the strongest effect to obesity knowledge was that "obesity is not healthy"(0.62). Effects of knowledge on nutrition, physical activity and obesity on body feature were 0.07，0.02 and -0.03 respectively. ConclusionAmong the knowledge of nutrition, physical activity and obesity, the knowledge of obesity prevention is the most important to control childhood obesity, that deserves to be paid more attentions on.
【Key words】 Nutritional status;Motor activity;Obesity;Knowledge;Students
【基金项目】 荷兰NUTRICIA基金资助项目。（剩余1163字）