内容提要：扫罗与大卫王的形象，在希伯来《圣经》的早期历史文本《撒母耳记》、《列王记》和晚期历史文本《历代志》中发生了重大的变化。本文作者从文化诗学的角度分析认为，其原因在于早期历史文本与晚期历史文本分属不同的叙述传统并体现着不同的历史观念。前者的编写者采用“秉笔直书”的叙史原则，后者的编写者则采用“选择性书写”的叙史原则。作者指出，正是这背后的“话语权力”改变了扫罗和大卫原初的面貌，并塑造出了大卫“虔敬、无往而不胜”的符号化形象特征。
关键词：希伯来《圣经》 历史叙述 人物塑造 话语权力 扫罗 大卫
作者简介：王立新，南开大学文学院比较文学与世界文学专业教授、博士生导师；以色列耶路撒冷希伯来大学、美国明尼苏达大学访问教授。本文为教育部社科项目“古犹太历史文化语境下的希伯来《圣经》文学研究”和国家社科基金项目“古代以色列宗教与希伯来历史神话”的阶段性成果。
Title: The Narrative in History, Portrayal of Characters and Discourse Powers : A Cultural PoeticAnalysis of King Saul and King David in Hebrew Bible
Abstract: From the early historical texts Samuel, Kings to the later historical text Chronicles, the images of Saul and David experienced a great change in The Hebrew Bible.In this author’s opinion,thereasonsare that different texts belong to different narrative traditions with different historical conceptions. This author points out by means of analysis of cultural poetics that “true record” was the writing principle of compilers of early historical texts, but “selective writing” was Chroniclers narrative principle. It was the discourse power behindthe twonarrative principles that made the early characteristics of Sauls and Davids images changeand created a cultural sign of “piety and victory” for David.
Key words: Hebrew Bible the narrative in history portrayal of characters discourse powers SaulDavid
Author: Wang Lixin is professor and Ph. D. supervisor in comparative literature and world literature at College of Humanities, Nankai University(Tianjin 300071, China) and visiting professor at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel and University of Minnesota, USA. He is mainly engaged in Hebrew literature and culture, Western literature and culture studies.Email:solmon@eyou.com
一、问题的提出
在东方各民族古代文学中，历史文学几乎无一例外地是最发达的领域之一。（剩余1193字）